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5 Mark - Otto Pattern

Issuer Bavaria, Kingdom of
Year 1904
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Value 5 Marks
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Obverse description Bare-headed bust of King Otto of Bavaria facing left, with short hair and a mustache, rendered in high relief within a beaded inner border. The circular legend reads OTTO KOENIG VON BAYERN along the upper periphery. Below the truncation, the mint mark 'D' (Munich) appears flanked by two small laurel or oak branch sprigs, situated just above the lower beaded border. The portrait is finely engraved in a restrained, naturalistic academic style characteristic of late Wilhelmine German coinage.
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Mintage 1904 D - Proof
Additional information

Pattern coinage for the Bavarian kingdom was produced in limited numbers for official review and court presentation, never intended for circulation. This 1904 piece precedes the adopted 5 Mark type for Otto I, whose reign was constitutional in name only — he had been declared legally incompetent in 1875 and spent his entire kingship confined at Fürstenried Palace, never once performing a single act of governance. All royal functions were exercised by his uncle Luitpold as Prince Regent.

The Schaaf reference catalogues this as a G1 strike, indicating the earliest die state documented for this pattern submission.

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