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5 Kroner Heilmann type III
| Issuer | Danmarks Nationalbank |
|---|---|
| Year | 1937-1943 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
| Reference(s) | P#30 |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | 5 FEM KRONER 5 (Translation: Five Kroner) |
| Signature(s) | 1939 / series F - Svendsen & Neergaard 1939 / series F - Svendsen & Heegaard 1940 / series F - Svendsen & Hannibal 1940 / series F - Svendsen & Heegaard 1940 / series G - Svendsen & Heegaard 1940 / series G - Svendsen & Pugh 1942 / series G - Svendsen & Ingerslevgaard 1942 / series H - Svendsen & Lund 1942 / series H - Svendsen & Vinther 1942 / series H - Svendsen & Pugh 1942 / series J - Svendsen & Friis 1942 / series J - Svendsen & Ingerslevgaard 1942 / series J - Svendsen & Neergaard 1942 / series J - Svendsen & Hannibal 1942 / series J - Svendsen & Lund 1942 / series J - Svendsen & Holdthusen 1942 / series J - Svendsen & Pugh 1943 / series J - Svendsen & Ingerslevgaard 1943 / series J - Svendsen & Hellerung 1943 / series J - Svendsen & Strande 1943 / series J - Svendsen & Vinther 1943 / series J - Svendsen & Lund 1943 / series K - Svendsen & Strande 1943 / series K - Svendsen & Matthiessen |
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| Comments |
The sheer number of countersignature combinations on this type — over twenty documented pairings across five series letters — reflects the administrative strain on Danmarks Nationalbank during the German occupation. From April 1940 onward, the bank continued operating under occupation without being formally subordinated to the Reichsbank, a delicate arrangement that required Danish authorities to maintain the appearance of normal monetary administration. Printing and signing went on.
Gerhard Heilmann, better known internationally as an ornithologist and the author of the influential 1926 work The Origin of Birds, designed all three types in this 5 Kroner series. The high countersignature turnover in 1942–43, particularly through series J, likely reflects wartime staffing pressures rather than any structural change in issuance policy.