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5 Fen Hainan Bank
| Issuer | Hainan Bank |
|---|---|
| Year | 1949 |
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| Printer | Hong Kong Lithographic Printing Company Limited |
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| Obverse description | Uniface note printed in red on plain paper, with an oval portrait vignette of Sun Yat-sen positioned to the left within fine guilloche lacework. A scalloped central cartouche bears the denomination characters 伍分 in bold script over a dense lathe-work underprint, flanked by two official seal stamps, with corner rosettes repeating the denomination. The bank title 海南銀行 appears along the upper right, the date panel 中華民國三十八年 runs along the lower portion, and the printer's imprint is placed below the lower border. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | 行銀南海 分伍 年八十三國民華中 (Translation: Hainan Bank Five Cents Year 38 of the Chinese Republic) |
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| Comments |
Hainan Bank was established under the Nationalist-aligned provincial government of Hainan Island in the final chaotic stretch of the Chinese Civil War. By 1949, the Kuomintang's hold on the mainland was collapsing, and Hainan represented one of the last significant territorial footholds — the island wouldn't fall to the PLA until May 1950. These small-denomination notes were printed across the water in Hong Kong precisely because functioning mainland print infrastructure was increasingly inaccessible or insecure.
The Hong Kong Lithographic Printing Company handled several such refugee-government jobs during this period. Circulation on Hainan was brief by necessity.