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5 Euros 500 years of Livonian ferding
| Issuer | Bank of Latvia |
|---|---|
| Year | 2015 |
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| Reference(s) | KM#168 |
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|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse description | The polished inner field reproduces the reverse design of the historical 1515 Livonian ferding, depicting the standing figure of the Virgin Mary holding the Christ Child in her right hand and a sceptre in her left, surrounded by a radiant halo; the encircling legend MARI[a]:TU[um]:SALVA.PO[pulum] — meaning 'Mary, save your people!' — runs between two concentric rings of dots. The frosted outer ring bears the semicircular inscriptions VĒRDIŅAM 500 at the upper right and 2015 at the lower portion, commemorating the 500th anniversary of the ferding. |
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| Additional information |
The ferding was a silver coin issued across Livonia — the medieval territory roughly corresponding to modern Latvia and Estonia — primarily by the Livonian Order and its associated bishops during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The 500-year anchor dates to around 1515, when ferding production was at its most active under the fractured ecclesiastical and military authorities competing for monetary control of the eastern Baltic. The coin survived as a regional denomination even as Livonian political authority collapsed under the combined pressures of the Reformation, Russian expansion under Ivan IV, and eventual partition among Sweden, Poland-Lithuania, and Denmark by 1583.