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5 Dollars National Bank Note, 'Brown Back'
| Issuer | The National Bank of Fayetteville |
|---|---|
| Year | 1882 |
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| Composition | Cotton paper |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | NATIONAL CURRENCY. SECURED BY UNITED STATES BONDS DEPOSITED WITH THE TREASURER OF THE UNITED STATES Lyons / Roberts Register of the Treasury / Treasurer of the United States The NATIONAL BANK OF FAYETTEVILLE WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND FIVE DOLLARS Fayetteville, NORTH CAROLINA Dec. 12, 1900 Cashr. Prest. |
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| Reverse lettering | THIS NOTE is RECEIVABLE at PAR in all parts of the UNITED STATES and in payment of all TAXES and EXCISES and all other DUES to the UNITED STATES except DUTIES on IMPORTS and ALSO for all SHARES and other DEBTS and DEMANDS owing by the UNITED STATES to INDIVIDUALS CORPORATIONS & ASSOCIATIONS within the UNITED STATES except INTEREST on PUBLIC DEBT Every person making or engraving, or aiding to make or engrave, passing or attempting to pass any imitation or alteration of this Note, and every person having in possession a plate or impression made in imitation of it; or any paper made in imitation of that on which this Note is printed is by act of Congress approved June 3rd 1864 guilty of Felony and subject to a fine not exceeding One Thousand Dollars or imprisonment not exceeding fifteen years or both. |
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| Comments |
National Bank Notes of this type were not obligations of the issuing bank alone — they carried the full faith of the U.S. government as backing, which is why the BEP printed a uniform plate for the entire series and simply added each bank's charter details afterward. The "Brown Back" designation comes from the distinctive sienna-toned geometric lathe work on the reverse, a deliberate departure from the green reverses of the preceding Series 1875 notes.
Fayetteville, North Carolina chartered banks slowly in the post-Reconstruction years, and notes from smaller Southern nationals in this series survive in genuinely low numbers — redemption rates were high, and what circulated hard rarely came back intact. Hatch's engraving on the face plate is crisp work, though the design itself was Casilear's from an earlier generation.