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5 Cruzeiros Thesouro Nacional, 1st print, Autographed

Issuer Tesouro Nacional (National Treasury of Brazil)
Year 1943
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Value 5 Cruzeiros (5 BRZ)
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Obverse description Blue on polychrome underprint, executed in intaglio and offset. A central vignette presents the portrait of José Maria da Silva Paranhos, Barão do Rio Branco, set within an ornate decorated frame and flanked on both sides by the denomination numeral 5. A diagonal manuscript autograph of the certifying official crosses the body of the note.
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Reverse description Printed in brown in intaglio, the reverse centers on a large pictorial vignette reproducing the painting Conquista do Amazonas by the Brazilian artist António Parreiras, evoking the historical subjugation of the Amazon region. The composition is framed by the denomination numeral 5 repeated at the corners and bordered by fine guilloche ornamental work.
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Brazil's wartime finances forced a practical compromise: the Treasury, not the Banco do Brasil or a central issuing authority, put its name directly on circulating paper. The 1943 series was commissioned from ABNC during a period when domestic printing capacity couldn't meet demand, a situation common across Latin America during the Second World War.

"Autographed" in Brazilian philatelic terminology means the signatures were applied by hand rather than engraved or printed — this first print carries manuscript signatures, distinguishing it from later issues in the same series where facsimile signatures replaced them. Hand-signed notes from ABNC runs are generally fewer in number, since the signing process was a logistical bottleneck.

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