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5 Cruzeiros overprint on 5 Mil Réis P# 29
| Issuer | Tesouro Nacional (National Treasury of Brazil) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
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| In circulation to | 12 February 1967 |
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| Obverse description | Printed in blue on a polychrome underprint, in intaglio and lithography. At centre, an oval vignette carries a portrait of José Maria da Silva Paranhos Júnior, Barão do Rio Branco (1845–1912), flanked on either side by the numeral 5. At the upper left and lower right corners, overprinted blue rosette devices bear the inscription CASA DA MOEDA / 5 / CRUZEIROS, applied by the Brazilian Mint to convert the original 5 Mil Réis note to the new Cruzeiro denomination. The remaining face value numerals and text appear within ornate guilloche panels. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Printed in sepia by intaglio. A central panel presents an allegorical composition in which a child stands between two seated female figures representing Industry and Commerce, framed within ornate border work typical of American Bank Note Company engraving. The denomination numeral 5 appears at both sides within guilloche cartouches. |
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| Comments |
Brazil's 1942 currency reform replaced the milréis system with the cruzeiro at par — one cruzeiro for one mil réis — but printing an entirely new stock of notes takes time. The stopgap was a rubber-stamp overprint applied to existing Tesouro Nacional 5 Mil Réis sheets already on hand, producing what collectors now catalog as P#125. The underlying plate was engraved by Robert Savage for the American Bank Note Company, one of ABNC's more capable craftsmen of the period.
The overprint application was uneven across the run, and alignment varies considerably between surviving examples.