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5 Colones

Issuer Banco Occidental
Year 1926
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Value 5 Colones
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Obverse description Dark blue intaglio print on a light underprint with intricate guilloche border and corner numeral "5" devices. A central allegorical vignette occupies the right portion of the note, rendered in fine line engraving. The bank title "BANCO OCCIDENTAL" is set in bold letterpress across the top, with the date "SAN SALVADOR 1° de NOVIEMBRE de 1926" along the lower register above three manuscript signature lines and the denomination spelled out "CINCO COLONES" at the foot.
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Reverse description Green intaglio print with an elaborate guilloche framework and repeating floral border ornaments. A central oval vignette contains a portrait, surrounded by the issuing bank's name and the word "RAZON" in an arc above. Corner numeral "5" devices are set within decorative cartouches at each angle.
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Comments

Banco Occidental was one of several Guatemalan private commercial banks authorised to issue currency before the country's 1926 monetary reform, which transferred exclusive note-issuing rights to the newly established Banco Central de Guatemala. This 5 Colones note sits at precisely that fault line — issued in the same year the private banking monopoly on currency was abolished.

ABNC produced the plates in New York, as they did for most Central American private bank issues of the period. The Colón had itself only recently replaced the Peso as Guatemala's monetary unit, so this note represents a very brief window: a new denomination, an old issuing structure, and a reform already in motion.

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