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480 Reis Sociedad de Cambios - Carmelo & Nueva Palmira
| Issuer | Sociedad de Cambios (Carmelo & Nueva Palmira) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1856 |
| Type | Local banknote |
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| Obverse description | A central vignette of a cow divides the issuer's name at the top of the note, while the institution name is repeated along the left edge in a rotated, ornate cursive script. The denomination 480 REIS appears near the upper and lateral borders, with the handwritten serial number at the upper left and series letters at all four corners. The issuing date and locations — Carmelo and Nueva Palmira — are inscribed at the lower centre and lateral margins respectively, with the body text of the obligation printed in letterpress. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | SOCIEDAD DE CAMBIOS 480 REIS LOS ABAJO FIRMADOS Reconoce este billete por 480 Reis, cada uno pagadero al portador, y á la vista, en 32 billetes iguales por una Onza de Oro; o su equivalente en la misma especie. CARMELO MAYO de 1856 Y NA PALMIRA (Translation: Exchange Society 480 REIS The under signed reckon this note for 480 Reis, each one, payable to bearer, and at sight, in 32 equal notes for one gold ounce; or its equivalent in same species. Carmelo May, 1856 and Nueva Palmira) |
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The Sociedad de Cambios was one of several private exchange houses operating in the Banda Oriental during the 1850s, filling a vacuum left by the near-total absence of formal banking infrastructure outside Montevideo. Carmelo and Nueva Palmira were both small river ports on the Río Uruguay, and a combined issue serving two towns simultaneously was a practical arrangement — trade along that stretch of the river moved fast, and hard coin was perpetually scarce.
Private quasi-banking notes of this type were effectively banned by the Banco Mauá's regional expansion and subsequent Uruguayan banking legislation in the late 1850s. Few survived ordinary use.