Catalog
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| Issuer | Empire of Vietnam |
|---|---|
| Year | 1861-1870 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
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| Shape | Round with a square hole |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Chinese (traditional, regular script) |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
The 40 Văn denomination was introduced under Tự Đức as a practical response to chronic small-denomination coin shortages that plagued the Vietnamese economy through the 1860s — a decade during which the court was simultaneously managing French military encroachment in Cochinchina and the financial strain of successive failed harvests. Struck in brass rather than the traditional zinc-copper cash alloy, the issue represented a deliberate departure from convention.
The reign of Tự Đức (1847–1883) was the last period of sustained independent Vietnamese coinage before French colonial monetary policy rendered indigenous issues largely obsolete.