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4 Hua/Mingsi/Ming
| Issuer | State of Yan (Warring States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 300 BC - 220 BC |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Cast |
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| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | 亖明 |
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| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
The State of Yan occupied the northeastern frontier of the Warring States world, bordering the steppe peoples to the north and the sea to the east — a geographic isolation that encouraged monetary conservatism long after rival states had adopted round coinage. Yan persisted with knife money well into the Qin unification period, and these four-hua denominations continued circulating in the region even as Qin administrative machinery began dismantling local monetary systems after 221 BC.
The ming designation on this series refers to the city of Ming, believed to be a mint site in the Yan heartland, though its precise location remains debated among specialists.