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4 Gani - Qutb al-din Mubarak Khilji
| Issuer | Delhi Sultanate |
|---|---|
| Year | 1316-1321 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 Jital (1⁄48) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Struck in the characteristic hammered style of Delhi Sultanate billon coinage, the obverse presents a multi-line Arabic legend filling the field without decorative borders. The inscription, rendered in Naskh script, reads the royal titulature of Sultan Qutb al-Din Mubarak Shah, identifying him as 'Qutb of the World and the Faith, Abu al-Muzaffar Mubarak Shah, the Sultan.' The lettering is bold and deeply struck, though characteristic die irregularities and flan irregularities produce slight crowding at the periphery. The flat, unadorned field carries no figural elements, consistent with Islamic numismatic convention. The coin exhibits the typical rough, irregular planchet edge produced by the hand-cutting of billon blanks. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse presents a multi-line Arabic inscription in Naskh script occupying the entire field, consistent with the aniconic tradition of Delhi Sultanate coinage. The legend proclaims the Caliph's honorific, reading 'al-Imam al-Azam, Khalifat Allah' (The Supreme Imam, Caliph of God), followed by the regnal year 717 AH. The script is boldly rendered with characteristic thick strokes, though some crowding and slight weakness are present at the flan edges due to the hand-hammered striking technique. No mint mark or decorative border is present. The overall style is consistent with other documented issues of Qutb al-Din Mubarak Khilji. |
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| Additional information |
Qutb al-Din Mubarak Shah's reign lasted just four years before he was murdered by his own favorite, Khusraw Khan, in 1320 — the last Khalji ruler, killed by a man he had elevated from slave to de facto co-regent. The billon issues of this period reflect a treasury already strained by the extravagances of Alauddin's later reign and the administrative chaos that followed his death in 1316.
The 4 gani denomination sits in a fractional series that saw inconsistent alloy quality across the Khalji sultans, and Mubarak's issues are no exception to that pattern of declining silver content.