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3 Pfennigs - August

Issuer Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (German States)
Year 1661
Type Commemorative circulation coin
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Obverse description Crowned interlaced monogram of Duke August of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel occupies the central field, surmounted by an ornate ducal crown with elaborate foliate finials. The date 1661 is split to the left of the monogram, with the legend '10 APRIL' continuing around the right side of the coin in Latin script. The overall design commemorates a specific date — 10 April 1661 — likely marking a significant event in the duke's reign. The monogram is rendered in a bold, angular style characteristic of mid-17th-century German hammered coinage.
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Reverse script Latin
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Additional information

August the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, died in 1666 at age 84, having assembled one of the largest private libraries in Europe — over 130,000 volumes — and administered his territory with unusual stability during the catastrophic final decades of the Thirty Years' War. This coin was struck in the relative calm of his late reign, after decades of Imperial and Swedish armies had repeatedly stripped the region of its resources. That silver exists for small denomination coinage by 1661 reflects genuine fiscal recovery in the duchy.

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