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3 Kreuzers - Ferdinand II of Tyrol
| Issuer | Upper Alsace, Landgraviate of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1584-1595 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
| Obverse lettering | FERDI D (3) G AR AVSTR or FERDINA D (3) G AR AVST or AR AVS |
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| Additional information |
Ferdinand II ruled the Further Austrian territories — including the Landgraviate of Upper Alsace — as Archduke from 1564 until his death in 1595, and these small billon kreuzers were workhorses of everyday commerce in a region perpetually caught between Habsburg administration and the competing interests of the Swiss Confederacy and the Prince-Bishops of Strasbourg. The relatively wide reference spread across KLEM#253-269 and E&L#75-83 points to substantial die variation across the eleven-year production window, a consequence of decentralized minting under regional oversight rather than a single consolidated operation.