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200 Pesos Fuertes
| Issuer | Banco Nacional |
|---|---|
| Year | 1873 |
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| Printer | American Bank Note Company |
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| Obverse description | Printed in black with orange underprint, the obverse centres on an oval intaglio portrait vignette of Don Juan José Pardo in three-quarter view, enclosed within guilloche ornaments and flanked by large orange numeral cartouches reading '200'. An allegorical seated female figure with shield and staff occupies the left panel, while the Argentine national coat of arms within an ornate oval frame appears to the right. The bold letterpress legend 'EL BANCO NACIONAL' runs across the centre, with 'DOSCIENTOS PESOS FUERTES' below and the place-and-date inscription 'Buenos Ayres, Agosto 1.o de 1873' above. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | 200 SALTA JUJUY SANTIAGO DEL ESTERO TUCUMÁN CATAMARCA CÓRDOBA SANTA FE BUENOS AIRES ENTRE RÍOS |
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| Comments |
Banco Nacional was Argentina's first true national bank, established in 1872 under President Sarmiento as a federally chartered institution meant to consolidate the country's chronically fractured banking system. It lasted barely a decade — the bank collapsed in 1876 amid a severe financial crisis triggered by falling export revenues and unsustainable government debt, which means this 1873 note was circulating almost precisely as the institution was sliding toward insolvency.
The American Bank Note Company printed the entire Banco Nacional series from its New York shops. High-denomination issues like this one saw limited street circulation under normal conditions; by the mid-1870s, most were effectively stranded on the books of creditors who had little hope of redemption.