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200 Mil Reis
| Issuer | Banco do Brazil |
|---|---|
| Year | 1890 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | Bicolour intaglio note printed in black and orange, with large oval guilloche medallions bearing the denomination numeral '200' at upper left and upper right. The upper central register carries an allegorical vignette of a reclining female figure amid tropical flora and agricultural produce, flanked by a lower-left vignette of a seated female figure with barrels and a sailing vessel, and a lower-right circular vignette with a standing figure. The bold issuer inscription 'NO BANCO DO BRAZIL' runs across the centre in letterpress, beneath which the manuscript-style promise-to-pay legend 'Se pagará ao portador DUZENTOS MILREIS Valor recebido' is printed, with serial numbers in red at left and right. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | NO BANCO DO BRAZIL Se pagará ao portador DUZENTOS MILREIS Valor recebido 200 |
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| Comments |
The Banco do Brazil — reconstituted in 1853 after the original bank's collapse in 1829 — issued this note during the turbulent early months of the First Brazilian Republic, proclaimed in November 1889. The timing matters: 1890 was the opening year of the Encilhamento, a speculative financial boom deliberately engineered by Finance Minister Rui Barbosa through aggressive monetary expansion. Credit flooded the market, new banks were chartered almost weekly, and the demand for printed currency outpaced any reasonable reserve backing.
The American Bank Note Company in New York had handled Brazilian government printing contracts for decades by this point, making them the default supplier when volumes surged.