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| Issuer | Empire of Vietnam |
|---|---|
| Year | 1861-1870 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Văn (1868-1945) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
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| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | 準 十 二 文 (Translation: Chuẩn Nhị Thập Văn Equal to 20 Văn) |
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| Mint | Log in to see details |
| Mintage | ND (1861-1870) |
| Additional information |
The "sao" (star) cash coins of Tự Đức's reign were produced at regional casting houses rather than a centralized mint, a decentralized system that creates the alloy and weight inconsistencies collectors frequently encounter across specimens. This 20 văn denomination served the lower end of daily commerce during a reign consumed by the French military campaigns that began with the bombardment of Đà Nẵng in 1858 and concluded with the formal cession of Cochinchina under the 1862 Treaty of Saigon.
The decade-long date range reflects casting across multiple provincial facilities, not a single continuous issue.