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20 Réis - João Prince Regent

Issuer Casa da Moeda de Lisboa / Casa da Moeda do Brasil
Year 1802-1818
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse lettering JOANNES·D·G·P·E·BRASILIÆ·P·REGENS XX ·1816·
(Translation: John by the Grace of God Prince and Prince Regent of Brazil 20 1816)
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Mintage 1802 - KM# 233.1 (Lisbon Mint; without mintmark; Low crown; High crown; In the low crown, date with and without points) - 788,000
1803 - KM# 233.1 (Lisbon Mint; without mintmark; Low crown; High crown; In the low crown, legend without 'P' of Portugal) - 1,920,000
1812 B - KM# 233.2 (Bahia Mint) -
1812 R - KM# 233.3 (Rio de Janeiro Mint) - 12,000
1813 B - KM# 233.2 (Bahia Mint, overdate variety exists) - 160,000
1813 R - KM# 233.3 (Rio de Janeiro Mint) - 716,862
1814 R - KM# 233.3 (Rio de Janeiro Mint) - 1,164,000
1815 B - KM# 233.2 (Bahia Mint, cross on crown) - 448,000
1815 R - KM# 233.3 (Rio de Janeiro Mint, star on crown) - 301,804
1816 B - KM# 233.2 (Bahia Mint) - 700,000
1817 R - KM# 233.3 (Rio de Janeiro Mint) - 116,000
1818 R - KM# 233.3 (Rio de Janeiro Mint) - 60,000
Additional information

João assumed the role of Prince Regent in 1799 when his mother, Queen Maria I, was declared mentally unfit to govern. The 20 Réis copper issues struck under his regency span a turbulent period that culminated in the royal family's flight to Brazil in 1808 following Napoleon's invasion of Portugal — after which the Casa da Moeda do Brasil in Rio de Janeiro took over production of coins bearing his name. Pieces struck before and after that crossing differ in subtle die characteristics and can often be attributed to one mint or the other by specialists familiar with the series.

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