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20 Pesos
| Issuer | Mindanao Emergency Currency Board |
|---|---|
| Year | 1943 |
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| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Philippine Peso (1898-date) |
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| Obverse description | The obverse is framed by a decorative border of interlocking scroll and geometric ornaments, with the denomination numeral '20' repeated at each corner in bold letterpress. At upper centre, a heading identifies the note as a Treasury Emergency Currency Certificate issued by authority of the President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, with the circular seal of the Commonwealth positioned to the left. The principal legends TWENTY PESOS and MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD appear in bold letterpress at centre, below which three manuscript signatures of board members are applied. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | The reverse is enclosed within a repetitive Greek-key meander border, with the denomination numeral '20' at each corner and vertical '20' lettering along both side margins in plain letterpress. The centre carries multi-language redemption and anti-counterfeiting notices printed in English, Visayan, and a third Philippine vernacular on unadorned paper stock. |
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| Comments |
The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several provincial and regional bodies that issued guerrilla currency during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. These notes circulated in areas where resistance forces still held effective control — Mindanao being among the most active theaters of guerrilla activity in the archipelago. The boards operated with tacit and sometimes explicit backing from the Commonwealth government-in-exile, and their currency was accepted by the local population partly out of necessity and partly as a political act.
Three signatories on a single note is unusual for this series and reflects the collaborative, improvised administrative structure these boards maintained under occupation conditions.