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20 Pesos
| Issuer | Cebu Emergency Currency Board |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | The obverse is printed in dark brown on a light underprint of repeating security text. A circular vignette at left centre carries a portrait of President Manuel L. Quezon facing three-quarters right. The central panel bears the denomination TWENTY PESOS in bold letterpress, flanked by the numeral 20 at each corner, with inscriptions certifying the note as a Treasury Emergency Currency Certificate issued by authority of the President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, redeemable at face value upon termination of emergency. A red circular seal of the Commonwealth of the Philippines appears at lower right, and three manuscript signature lines are present at the base for the Acting Provincial Treasurer, Acting Provincial Auditor, and City Treasurer. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | The reverse is printed in dark brown on a light underprint of repeating EMERGENCY CURRENCY text arranged diagonally across the entire field. At the centre, the Roman numeral XX is rendered in large bold type within an ornate cartouche, surmounted by the inscription TWENTY PESOS. Corner pieces carry the numeral 20 and the word PESOS, while the upper panel reads ISSUED BY THE CEBU EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD and the geographical designation CEBU CITY / PHILIPPINES appears prominently above the central vignette. |
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| Comments |
The Cebu Emergency Currency Board was one of dozens of local civilian authorities that rushed emergency notes into production following the Japanese invasion of the Philippines in late 1941. With the Commonwealth government in retreat and Japanese occupation forces advancing through the Visayas, provincial and municipal boards issued their own scrip to prevent economic paralysis — legal authority was improvised, not formally granted from Manila.
Cebu's issues are among the better-documented provincial emergency series, partly because the board maintained rudimentary records. The underprint security feature, modest as it is, reflects a genuine attempt at fraud deterrence under severe material constraints. Local printing meant whatever stock and equipment was at hand.
Most Cebu emergency notes were demonetized or destroyed after liberation in 1945.