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20 Para - Abdulaziz with flower

Issuer Ottoman Imperial Mint (Cairo)
Year 1866-1870
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Weight 11.09 g
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Obverse lettering ٢٠
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Reverse script Arabic
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Additional information

Cairo's mint operated under a peculiar administrative arrangement during this period — technically an Ottoman facility, but funded and partially managed through the Khedivate of Egypt under Isma'il Pasha, who was aggressively modernizing the country's infrastructure on borrowed European capital. The "flower" variety distinguishes this issue from concurrent Cairo strikes and likely reflects a die modification introduced mid-run rather than a planned design revision.

Abdülaziz's reign saw the Ottoman Empire's first foreign bond defaults beginning to take shape, and Egypt's copper coinage of this decade was circulating through an economy already straining under the debt load that would eventually force the Khedivate into European financial receivership by 1876.

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