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20 Kopecks Turku - Bank
| Issuer | Växel-, Depositions- och Lånebanken i Åbo (Exchange, Deposit and Loan Bank in Turku) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1819 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Rouble (1809-1860) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Size | Log in to see details |
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| Printer | Log in to see details |
| Designer(s) | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
| Reference(s) | Log in to see details |
| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | The reverse is entirely unprinted, presenting a plain paper surface with visible horizontal and vertical fold lines consistent with the note having been carried in circulation; faint manuscript text impressions from the obverse are discernible through the paper. |
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| Signature(s) | Log in to see details |
| Protection type | Dry seal, Manuscript signatures |
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| Variants | Log in to see details |
| Comments |
Växel-, Depositions- och Lånebanken i Åbo was one of the earliest private banking institutions in Finnish territory, operating under Swedish-language administration in a city that had only recently passed from Swedish to Russian imperial rule. This note predates the founding of the Bank of Finland by three years — Finland had no central bank when it was issued, and regional commercial paper like this filled a genuine transactional void in the local economy.
Authentication relied entirely on dry embossing and handwritten signatures, which tells you something about the scale of the operation. Production was local rather than contracted to an established European printer, which is why surviving examples so frequently show uneven impression and ink variation.