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20 Kopecks 7 orbits
| Issuer | Soviet Union |
|---|---|
| Year | 1924-1931 |
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| Orientation | Medal alignment ↑↑ |
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| Obverse description | The State Coat of Arms of the Soviet Union occupies the central field, depicting a hammer and sickle superimposed on a globe, surrounded by rising sun rays at the base and framed by two symmetrical wheat sheaves bound together by a ribbon. A five-pointed star surmounts the device at the apex. The circular legend reads ПРОЛЕТАРИИ ВСЕХ СТРАН, СОЕДИНЯЙТЕСЬ! (Workers of the World, Unite!) around the upper periphery, with the country abbreviation С.С.С.Р. positioned along the lower margin between two raised dots. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Cyrillic |
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| Additional information |
The "7 orbits" nickname — used by collectors to distinguish this type from the later billon issues — refers to the arc count on the reverse globe design, a detail that became necessary shorthand once the Soviet monetary reform of 1931 replaced silver with cupro-nickel entirely. The 1924 introduction of these coins was part of the broader chervonets stabilization program, the USSR's attempt to build credibility for its currency after the catastrophic inflation of the Civil War years.
Issues dated 1931 are notably scarcer than earlier dates; production was curtailed mid-year as the transition away from silver accelerated under pressure from industrialization priorities competing for metal reserves.