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20 Dollars

Issuer Bank of British North America, Toronto
Year 1871
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Shape Rectangular
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Obverse description The obverse is engraved in a monochromatic dark blue-black intaglio style on cream paper, with the bank title THE BANK OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA in bold letterpress across the top, flanked by a fine geometric lathe-work border. At centre, a Royal Arms vignette is surrounded by the legend INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER, with TORONTO repeated to either side; large ornate numeral panels reading TWENTY DOLLARS occupy both left and right corners. A central cartouche bears the promise text THIS BANK WILL PAY THE BEARER ON DEMAND TWENTY DOLLARS AT TORONTO, dated 31ST JANUARY 1871, with manuscript signatures of the Accountant and Manager below.
Obverse lettering THE BANK OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA
INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER
TORONTO
20
TWENTY DOLLARS
THIS BANK WILL PAY THE BEARER ON DEMAND TWENTY DOLLARS
AT TORONTO. 31ST JANUARY 1871
No
ACCT
MAN
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Comments

The Bank of British North America was a London-incorporated institution, which explains the consistent use of Perkins, Bacon & Co. throughout its Canadian note production — the bank's controlling interests remained British even as its branches spread across the colonies and, after 1867, the new Dominion. Perkins, Bacon had been engraving security documents since the 1820s and brought the same intaglio discipline to colonial currency that they applied to postage stamps across the Empire.

By 1871, Dominion of Canada notes were already circulating alongside chartered bank issues, creating a crowded field. The BBNA continued issuing its own notes until 1918, when the bank was absorbed by the Bank of Montreal.

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