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| Issuer | Royalist Forces (Ormonde) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1643-1644 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Orientation | Coin alignment ↑↓ |
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| Obverse description | Royal crown with a cross pattée at its apex occupies the upper portion of the irregularly shaped, crudely hammered flan. Beneath the crown, the royal cypher 'C R' (Carolus Rex) is struck in large, bold capital letters across the field. The design is characteristically stark and unadorned, reflecting the emergency conditions under which the Ormonde siege coinage was produced in Dublin during the Confederate Wars. No border or legend surrounds the central device. The overall execution is rough, consistent with improvised mint production. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Struck at Kilkenny under James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, during the Confederate Ireland period when Royalist forces held the city against Parliamentary pressure. The coins were produced from cut and hammered silver plate — church silver, domestic plate, whatever could be requisitioned — which accounts for the irregular flans and variable fineness seen across surviving examples. Kilkenny functioned as the administrative capital of the Confederate Catholics at the time, making the political geography of this issue genuinely complicated: Royalist coinage struck in a city governed by a Catholic confederacy nominally loyal to the Crown.