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2 Mark - Max Gandolf von Kuenburg Sweden, Countermarked
| Issuer | Bishopric of Salzburg (Austrian States) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1681 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | Three Swedish crowns arranged in the field, dividing the date. The denomination '2 M.' and mintmaster's mark appear in the lower portion of the field. A Salzburg countermark dated 16S81, applied by the Bishopric of Salzburg under Archbishop Max Gandolf von Kuenburg, is struck over the original Swedish reverse design, validating the coin for circulation within Salzburg territories. |
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| Reverse lettering | 16 67 2. M. .I. 16S81 |
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| Additional information |
Max Gandolf von Kuenburg ruled the Archbishopric of Salzburg from 1668 until his death in 1687, a tenure marked by aggressive Counter-Reformation policies including the expulsion of Protestant miners from the Dürrnberg salt works. The Swedish countermark on this piece traces to the disruptions of the Thirty Years' War's aftermath, when foreign-struck silver circulated widely across the Holy Roman Empire and ecclesiastical mints frequently countermarked coins to assert local monetary authority and confirm acceptable fineness before permitting circulation within their territories.
Zöttl references 2088.206 through 2088.208 account for die variation across the countermark application — placement and depth differ enough to distinguish individual punch uses.