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2 Escudos - Philip V Madrid, cross, 1st type
| Issuer | Casa de la Moneda de Madrid |
|---|---|
| Year | 1701-1702 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Reference(s) | Cal#320; Cal 2019#1851 |
| Obverse description | Crowned quartered shield of the Spanish Habsburgs occupying the central field, displaying the quarterly arms of Castile (castle) and León (lion) with Granada in base, in the style typical of early Bourbon coinage continuing the Habsburg heraldic tradition. The royal crown surmounts the escutcheon. The mint mark 'M' with assayer initial appears to the left of the shield, and the denomination mark '2' is visible to the right. The flan is irregular in shape, as characteristic of hammered cob-style gold coinage of the period. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Philip V arrived in Madrid in February 1701 as the first Bourbon king of Spain, inheriting the throne through the will of the childless Charles II. The War of the Spanish Succession broke out almost immediately, and the early cross-type escudos struck at Madrid during 1701–1702 represent the chaotic opening months of his reign before the war's disruptions forced significant changes to mint operations and coinage policy. Production of this first type was brief by design — the Bourbon administration was already moving to reform Spanish coinage standards inherited from the Habsburg era.
The Madrid mint's assayer marks for this period remain a point of active discussion among specialists working from Calicó's revised 2019 attributions.