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12 Scudi d'Oro - Francesco I
| Issuer | Modena and Reggio, Duchy of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1633 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Bare-headed bust of Francesco I, Duke of Modena, facing right, wearing an elaborate lace collar and richly decorated armour with a grotesque mask at the shoulder pauldron. The portrait is rendered in high relief with fine detail to the curled hair and drapery. The surrounding legend reads FRANCISCVS I MVT REG &C DVX VIII, with the date 1633 divided below the bust in the lower field. The coin is bordered by a beaded inner circle. |
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| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
Francesco I d'Este became Duke of Modena in 1629, inheriting a state of middling importance and immediately setting about enlarging it — through diplomacy, military adventure, and deliberate cultural projection. The 12 Scudi d'Oro belongs to that program of self-promotion. Coins of this magnitude were never intended for trade; they were gifts, diplomatic instruments, and demonstrations of a court that could commission work rivaling anything from larger Italian states.
Frappier 773 is genuinely rare. At 42 grams of near-pure gold, surviving examples in any condition are infrequently offered.