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12 800 Reis - Pedro IV Overprint on P#14 - John Prince Regent
| Issuer | Real Erário (Royal Treasury), Portugal |
|---|---|
| Year | 1826 |
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| Shape | Rectangular |
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| Obverse description | Black letterpress print on plain paper. At top centre, two long-necked birds flank an ornate vignette enclosing an oyster and pearl motif, set within decorative frames. The main text body carries the bond obligation in period Portuguese script, and a red starburst overprint bearing the crowned cypher 'D. PEDRO IV 1826' has been applied over the underlying P#14 apólice. |
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| Reverse description | Plain paper reverse, otherwise blank, bearing eight circular renewal stamps in black ink, each enclosing a crowned Portuguese royal arms vignette. The stamps carry individual month and year dates ranging from 1800 to 1810, recording successive annual interest renewals, and several also bear manuscript signatures or initials of the authorising treasury official. |
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When João VI died in March 1826, the succession question was immediate and politically explosive. His eldest son Pedro had already declared Brazilian independence in 1822 and reigned as Pedro I of Brazil — making his position as heir to the Portuguese throne constitutionally untenable to a significant faction of the court. The solution, however temporary, was to acknowledge him as Pedro IV of Portugal while the constitutional arrangements were negotiated. This overprint simply updated existing John Prince Regent stock to reflect that dynastic reality, avoiding the cost and delay of a full new issue.
Pedro abdicated the Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter Maria within months.