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1000 Roubles Don Cossack Military Government

Issuer Vsevelikoye Voysko Donskoye (Don Cossack Army)
Year 1919
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Shape Rectangular
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Obverse description At left, an oval vignette bearing the Don Cossack arms (double-headed eagle) within a circular border, with the inscription ВСЕВЕЛИКОЕ ВОЙСКО ДОНСКОЕ below. The central text panel carries the denomination РУБ. 1000 at upper right, series designation СЕРИЯ А.1., and the date 11 ИЮЛЯ 1919 Г. at top. The note is a 5% short-term obligation of the Vsevelikoye Voysko Donskoye, with manuscript serial number, place of issue Novocherkassk, and handwritten signatures of treasury officials.
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Reverse description The reverse is printed on plain paper and shows a large watermark-like impression of the Don Cossack arms (double-headed eagle within circular frame) visible as a ghost image through the sheet. Manuscript text in Cyrillic script occupies the upper portion, accompanied by handwritten signatures and a circular violet handstamp of the accepting institution at lower left, serving as the place-of-acceptance endorsement.
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The Vsevelikoye Voysko Donskoye — the Don Cossack Army government headquartered at Novocherkassk — issued this note during the most expansive phase of White Army control in southern Russia. By mid-1919, Don Cossack forces under Krasnov's successors briefly held substantial territory, and local currency issuance was both a practical necessity and a political assertion of administrative autonomy from Denikin's broader AFSR command structure. The two did not always agree.

At the 1,000-rouble level, this was not small-change finance. Rapid inflation driven by competing emission authorities — Bolshevik, White, and regional — meant high denominations circulated and lost purchasing power almost simultaneously.

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