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1000 Réis - Pedro II
| Issuer | Brazil |
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| Year | 1853-1866 |
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| Currency | Real (1799-1942) |
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| Obverse description | Central field features the denomination numeral 1000 enclosed within a wreath of laurel branches tied at the base, with decorative foliate ornaments above and below the numeral within the wreath. The peripheral legend, separated from the wreath by a plain inner border, reads PETRUS II D.G. CONST. IMP. ET PERP. BRAS. DEF., identifying the emperor by his Latin title. The date appears in the lower exergual area below the wreath. The entire design is surrounded by a finely milled border. |
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| Reverse description | The arms of the Brazilian Empire occupy the central field, comprising a shield charged with an armillary sphere set against a horizontally striped background, encircled by a ring of nineteen stars representing the provinces of the Empire. The shield is surmounted by an imperial crown with elaborate jeweled arches. Flanking the shield are two symmetrical branches — a coffee branch to the left and a tobacco branch to the right — tied at the base with a ribbon. The peripheral legend IN HOC SI- -GNO VINCES arcs across the upper field, interrupted at the apex by a small cross ornament. |
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| Additional information |
Brazil's silver coinage of this period was repeatedly disrupted by chronic shortages — not of metal, but of political will to fund adequate mintages. The Ouro Preto and Rio de Janeiro mints struggled with outdated equipment throughout the 1850s, and the government's preference for paper money issued through the Banco do Brasil meant that silver coins like this one often disappeared from circulation almost immediately, hoarded or exported as bullion parity fluctuated against the mil-réis paper rate.
The 1853 start date for this type coincides with monetary reforms under Finance Minister Torres Homem, who sought to consolidate Brazil's fractured coinage standards inherited from the colonial period.