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100 Pesetas Banco de España - Bilbao
| Issuer | Banco de España, Bilbao |
|---|---|
| Year | 1936 |
| Type | Emergency banknote |
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| Obverse description | The obverse is printed in dark green and yellow on cream paper. To the left, a vertical rectangular panel contains an ornate guilloche border enclosing the bank monogram within a circular cartouche, with the legend BANCO DE ESPAÑA running vertically along the outer right edge of the panel. The central field carries the issuing authority name in large script lettering, the place name BILBAO, and the bearer payment clause in cursive script, with the large underprint numeral 100 in yellow occupying the centre; the denomination word CIEN appears in bold at right. A handstamp reading POR EL BANCO DE VIZCAYA / El Contador appears in the lower centre, with the serial number and PTAS 100 printed at upper right and the serial number repeated at lower left. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | Tiene fondos: BANCO DE ESPAÑA, BILBAO. (Translation: Has funds: Bank of Spain, Bilbao.) |
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| Comments |
The Bilbao branch of the Banco de España issued its own notes in 1936 after the outbreak of the Civil War severed the Basque Country from the Nationalist-controlled central bank in Madrid. These regional emissions were a practical necessity — the legitimate Republican-aligned government in the north needed functioning currency, and Madrid's supply lines were cut. The Basque issues were produced under acute wartime conditions and circulated in an increasingly isolated pocket of Republican territory.
Bilbao fell to Franco's forces in June 1937, at which point these notes were rendered worthless almost overnight. The brief circulation window and the disruption of the fall meant many were destroyed or discarded, not preserved.