Catalog
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| Issuer | Confederate States of America |
|---|---|
| Year | 1861 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Dollar |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Size | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Printer | Log in to see details |
| Designer(s) | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
| Reference(s) | Log in to see details |
| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Six Months after the Ratification of a Treaty of peace between the Confederate States and the United States RECEIVABLE IN PAYMENT OF ALL DUES EXCEPT EXPORT DUES Fundable in Confederate States Stock bearing Eight per Cent Interest THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA Will pay ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS to bearer RICHMOND, VA September 2nd. 1861 |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Signature(s) | Log in to see details |
| Protection type | Watermark |
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| Variants | Log in to see details |
| Comments |
Hoyer & Ludwig were a Richmond lithography firm — commercial printers pressed into currency production because the Confederacy had no established banknote engravers at hand when it began issuing paper in 1861. The result is lithography where a proper government issue would normally show intaglio work, which is why these notes lack the tactile depth of contemporary Union currency and were relatively easy to counterfeit. Northern counterfeit versions circulated widely and were sometimes of better technical quality than the originals.
The watermark is the primary security measure, a thin line of defense for a currency that would collapse entirely within four years as Confederate military fortunes declined and public confidence evaporated.