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100 000 Mark Phoenix Aktien-Gesellschaft für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb
| Issuer | Phoenix Aktien-Gesellschaft für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb |
|---|---|
| Year | 1923 |
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| Shape | Rectangular |
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| Obverse description | Letterpress-printed Notgeld in dark brown and green by L. Schwann, Düsseldorf, framed by an intricate guilloche border with floral and geometric corner ornaments and the issuer name PHOENIX repeated in the lower side panels. A central oval vignette contains a rising phoenix bird, surmounted by the denomination HUNDERTTAUSEND MARK in bold blackletter script, with flanking oval cartouches at upper left and right each bearing the numeral 100 000. The lower register carries the place and date of issue (Düsseldorf, 15 Juli 1923), a validity clause in blackletter text, the issuer's full corporate name, and two manuscript signatures. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | PHOENIX Aktien-Gesellschaft für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb Hunderttausend Mark Dieser Gutschein hat bis einen Monat nach Widerruf Gültigkeit und wird bei den in den Tageszeitungen angegebenen Stellen angelöst Düsseldorf, 15 Juli 1923 PHOENIX Aktien-Gesellschaft für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb 100 000 |
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| Comments |
Phoenix AG was one of the Ruhr's major integrated steel and mining combines, headquartered in Hörde (later absorbed into Dortmund). Like hundreds of German industrial firms in the summer and autumn of 1923, it issued its own emergency currency — Notgeld — to meet payroll obligations when the Reichsbank simply could not supply enough banknotes fast enough to keep pace with hyperinflation. By the time denominations reached 100,000 Mark, that figure represented roughly an hour's wages.
L. Schwann was a well-established Düsseldorf commercial printer with deep roots in the Rhineland trade, a natural choice for a firm with operations concentrated in the industrial west.