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10 Yuan
| Issuer | Mengchiang Bank (蒙疆銀行) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1944 |
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| Currency | Yen (1938-1944) |
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| Obverse description | Central vignette in blue intaglio presents a steppe pastoral scene: a Bactrian camel with its handler at left, and a group of mounted horsemen with livestock receding into the distance across an open plain under a cloudy sky. The denomination 拾圓 is printed in large Chinese characters at upper centre, flanked by ornate guilloche border panels, with the numeral 10 repeated at each corner. The bank title 蒙疆銀行行 appears in a decorative cartouche at the bottom centre, accompanied by two red seal impressions. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central rectangular vignette, framed by an arched architectural border with foliate ornaments, presents two large seated Buddha statues carved into the rock face of the Yungang Caves at Datong. Flanking the central vignette are two large circular guilloche rosettes. The bank title 蒙疆銀行 and denomination 拾圓 run across the top in Chinese characters, with vertical Mongolian script inscriptions along both lateral margins. The numeral 10 appears at the bottom centre within a lace-work underprint. |
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| Comments |
The Mengchiang Bank was a Japanese puppet institution established in 1937 to administer Inner Mongolia under the nominal authority of Prince Demchugdongrub's Mongol Military Government. Its notes displaced both Chinese Nationalist currency and an earlier series from the Federal Reserve Bank of China in the occupied territories, functioning as a tool of economic separation from Chongqing's fiscal control rather than as a response to any genuine regional monetary need.
By 1944 the Japanese war position was deteriorating badly, and late-series Mengchiang notes including this denomination circulated in an economy under severe strain. Hyperinflationary pressure meant high-denomination issues turned over quickly and wore hard.