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10 Qirsh - Abdullah
| Issuer | Sudan |
|---|---|
| Year | 1887-1894 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Central field displays the toughra (royal cipher) of the Mahdi state's Caliph Abdullah ibn Muhammad, rendered in elaborate calligraphic Arabic script within a plain inner circle. The toughra is surmounted by decorative foliate and bead ornaments. The inner circle is enclosed by a distinctive decorative border composed of alternating oval cartouches and star-shaped rosettes linked by a continuous chain, all within a fine beaded outer rim. The regnal year appears in Arabic numerals at the base of the toughra. |
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| Reverse description | Central field contains a three-line Arabic inscription within a plain inner circle, reading the denomination, mint name (Omdurman), and Hijri date. The numeral 11 appears above the main legend. The inner circle is surrounded by the same ornamental border as the obverse, composed of alternating oval cartouches and star rosettes linked in a chain pattern, enclosed within a beaded outer rim. |
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| Additional information |
Issued under Abdullah ibn Muhammad — the Khalifa who succeeded the Mahdi after his death in 1885 — this coinage reflects the Mahdist state's uneasy relationship with monetary convention. The regime was ideologically hostile to many Ottoman and Egyptian precedents, yet economic necessity demanded recognizable coinage. Billon, a debased silver alloy, was the predictable result of a treasury perpetually strained by warfare against Egyptian and later British forces. Kitchener's campaign would erase the Mahdist state entirely by 1898, making the full 1887–1894 run of this type one of the shorter-lived series in northeast African numismatic history.