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10 Pesos Plata Boliviana
| Issuer | Banco Argentino, Paraná |
|---|---|
| Year | 1873 |
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| Printer | American Bank Note Company |
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| Obverse description | Pink-tinted note engraved by the American Bank Note Company, with a central oval vignette of three horses in motion; to the left stands a seated allegorical female figure, while to the right a circular guilloche medallion bears the numeral '10'. The bold letterpress legend 'EL BANCO ARGENTINO' spans the upper centre, below which the denomination 'DIEZ PESOS' appears in ornate script, followed by the payable clause in smaller text; the place of issue 'Paraná' and a manuscript date of 1 July 1873 are inscribed in the upper portion. Signature lines for 'EL GERENTE' and 'EL PRESIDENTE' appear at the foot, with the printer's imprint 'Compañía Americana de Billetes de Banco-Nueva York' along the lower margin. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Printed entirely in rose-red, the reverse is arranged with three large circular guilloche medallions disposed horizontally within a finely engraved geometric border. The left and right medallions each carry the Roman numeral 'X' at centre, while the larger central medallion bears the two-line inscription 'EL BANCO ARGENTINO' enclosed by intricate lathe-work rosette patterns. Ornamental corner devices and a repeating guilloche frame complete the design. |
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Banco Argentino operated out of Paraná, capital of Entre Ríos province, during a period when Argentine provincial banking was effectively unregulated. The 1863 National Bank Law had failed to impose order, and private banks of issue proliferated through the 1860s and 1870s, many backed by questionable reserves. Banco Argentino was among them — chartered under provincial authority rather than federal oversight, which gave it latitude to issue currency denominated in pesos plata boliviana, the silver-based unit then common in the Río de la Plata region.
The American Bank Note Company contract places this squarely within a wave of Latin American provincial issuers who turned to New York engravers for credibility their own balance sheets couldn't provide.