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10 Pesos
| Issuer | Mindanao Emergency Currency Board |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Size | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Rectangular |
| Printer | Log in to see details |
| Designer(s) | Log in to see details |
| Engraver(s) | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | The obverse is laid out in a certificate-style format with the large denomination numeral '10' at each corner and the word PESOS beneath each. A central oval vignette contains a portrait of President Manuel Quezon, identified by an inscription below. The main text body, printed in letterpress, reads 'TREASURY EMERGENCY CURRENCY CERTIFICATE BY AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES,' followed by the denomination TEN PESOS in large bold type and a redemption clause in smaller text. A circular seal of the United States of America appears to the right, and three signature lines for board members are present at the base. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse lettering | Log in to see details |
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| Protection type | Log in to see details |
| Protection description | Diagonal repetitive text underprint reading 'MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD' covering the entire reverse field |
| Variants | Log in to see details |
| Comments |
The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several regional Philippine civilian authorities that issued guerrilla currency following the Japanese invasion and occupation beginning in late 1941. These boards operated under severe material constraints — paper, ink, and printing equipment were whatever could be sourced locally or salvaged — which is why notes from Mindanao show considerable variation in paper quality and printing consistency across the series.
Japanese military administration officially banned guerrilla currency, and possession could carry lethal consequences. That notes like this survived at all is partly because remote Mindanao remained contested territory longer than Luzon.