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10 Mark
| Issuer | Stadtmagistrat Passau |
|---|---|
| Year | 1918 |
| Type | Local banknote |
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| Obverse description | Typographically printed Kriegs-Notgeld issued in green ink on cream paper, with a uniform geometric guilloche underprint covering the entire field. The denomination numeral "10" appears in each corner, with the large Fraktur inscription "Zehn Mark" occupying the centre. A red serial number is printed to the upper right. The lower portion carries the issuing authority "Stadtmagistrat Passau" with two manuscript signatures and the title "Rechtsrat" below, alongside the control authority "Für die Kontrolle: Die Stadtkämmerei". The note is framed by a repeating ornamental border of interlocking diamond motifs. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Printed in green ink on cream paper in the same typographic style as the obverse, the reverse carries a geometric guilloche underprint with a faint watermark-like lion vignette at centre. The heading "Kriegs"Notgeld"Schein der Stadt Passau" appears at the top in Fraktur lettering, with the bold denomination "10 Mark" centred below. Three lines of Fraktur text in the lower half specify the redemption conditions, noting validity until 1 February 1919 and encashment through the Stadtkämmerei Passau between 25 January and 1 February 1919. The same ornamental diamond-motif border frames the design. |
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| Comments |
Passau's Stadtmagistrat issued this 10 Mark note as part of the wave of municipal emergency money — Notgeld — that flooded Germany and Austria in 1918 as the imperial coinage system collapsed under wartime metal shortages and hoarding. Municipal authorities, businesses, and even individual firms were effectively left to paper over the liquidity gap themselves. The Stadtmagistrat had no printing authority in any conventional banking sense; the legal basis was improvised necessity.
Passau's position at the confluence of three rivers and on the Austro-Bavarian border gave the local economy its own particular pressures in 1918, with supply chains disrupted and cross-border exchange increasingly chaotic in the armistice period.