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10 Gulden Siege money, Arad
| Issuer | Fortress of Arad (Hungarian Revolutionary Government) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1849 |
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| Value | 10 Gulden |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | The obverse is dominated by a large ornate blackletter (Fraktur) vignette reading "Zehn Gulden" with elaborate calligraphic flourishes, surmounted by the Roman numeral "X." within a simple ruled border. Below the central vignette, the place and date of issue are inscribed in cursive script, followed by two manuscript signatures flanking the lower portion of the note. A handwritten serial number appears within a cartouche at the bottom centre, with a manuscript numeral to the right. |
|---|---|
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| Signature(s) | Saffran and Müller |
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| Comments |
Among the most historically compressed pieces of paper in Hungarian numismatics. The Fortress of Arad issued these notes during the final weeks of the 1848–49 revolution, when the garrison was entirely cut off by Austrian and Russian forces. With no connection to the Kossuth government's printing operations in Debrecen, the fortress commandant authorized a purely local emergency emission — hand-signed by the two garrison officials whose names appear on each note.
Arad surrendered in August 1849. Thirteen Hungarian generals were executed there on October 6th of that year, a date still marked in Hungary. The notes predating that surrender by weeks are among the rarest products of the entire revolutionary period.