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1 Yuan Tung Pei Bank of China
| Issuer | Tung Pei Bank of China |
|---|---|
| Year | 1945 |
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| Currency | Yuan (1914-1949) |
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| Obverse description | Printed in red-orange on cream paper. The central vignette presents two landmark architectural scenes side by side: a multi-tiered pagoda atop a wooded hillside to the left, and the Temple of Heaven rotunda with its surrounding ceremonial terrace to the right, separated by a central guilloche medallion bearing the denomination 壹圓. The note is framed by a decorative floral and scroll border, with the bank name 東北銀行 inscribed at the top, the denomination numeral 4 in the upper right corner, and vertical Chinese text reading 地方流通券 along the right and left margins. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | 東北銀行 壹圓 地方流通券 NO. A |
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| Comments |
The Tung Pei Bank of China — "Northeast China Bank" — was established by the Chinese Communist Party to serve the Manchurian base areas following the Soviet expulsion of Japanese forces in August 1945. This note appeared almost immediately after liberation, making it among the earliest Communist-issued currency in the northeast. The timing was operationally critical: the CCP needed to displace Japanese puppet currency and competing Nationalist issues before the civil war fully engulfed the region.
The S-prefix in the Pick reference flags it as a regional or specialized issue — appropriate for a bank whose authority extended no further than CCP-controlled Manchuria and whose notes were largely demonetized once the People's Bank of China unified currency after 1948.