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1 Yuan

Issuer Chanan Bank
Year 1937
Type Standard circulation banknote
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Reverse description Red diagonal overprint of the Central Bank of Manchukuo applied across the reverse of the original Provincial Bank of the Three Eastern Provinces note, with additional line cancellation through the overprint area below the pavilion vignette.
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Variants P#J118a - Double line through red overprint below pavilion
P#J118b - Single line through red overprint below pavilion
P#J118s - Specimen with red handstamp: Yang Pen. Punch hole cancelled.
Comments

The Chanan Bank (察南銀行) was established by Japanese occupation authorities in 1937 specifically to serve Chahar Province in northern China following the creation of the Mongolian Military Government. It was one of several puppet financial institutions stood up by Japan to displace Chinese Nationalist currency and facilitate economic control over occupied territories — each bank tied to a specific administrative zone, each issuing its own notes to prevent inter-regional monetary consolidation.

The ABNC printing credit here is worth pausing on. The plates were almost certainly produced before full Japanese control of the region was established, sourced through intermediary arrangements common in Chinese provincial banking of the period. New York production for a Japanese-controlled institution in occupied China sits in genuinely strange diplomatic territory for 1937.

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