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1 Xerafim - João V D-O, Dio mint, inverted D
| Issuer | Portuguese India |
|---|---|
| Year | 1732-1739 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
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| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
| Reference(s) | Gomes#F5 84, KM#20 |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | A bold Saint Thomas Cross — a cross pattée with trefoil terminals — occupies the full reverse field, dividing it into four quadrants. The numerals of the regnal date are distributed across the quadrants in the sequence 1, 7, 3, 8, reading clockwise from the upper-left, with the final digit visible in the lower-left quadrant. The cross is struck in the characteristic hammered fashion of Portuguese colonial issues, with somewhat irregular flan edges. No surrounding legend is present. |
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| Mintage | 1732 D-O - AG#J5 84.01 - 1737 D-O - AG#J5 84.02 - 1738 D-O - AG#J5 84.03 - 1739 D-O - AG#J5 84.04 - |
| Additional information |
The Xerafim was the principal silver denomination of Portuguese India, its name derived from the Arabic ashrafi — a linguistic trace of the trade networks Portugal muscled into after seizing Goa in 1510. João V's issues from the Diu mint are distinguished from their Goa counterparts by subtle die characteristics, and this piece carries the inverted D mintmark variety catalogued by Gomes, a known die anomaly rather than a deliberate variation. Diu had been under Portuguese control since 1535, secured after a coalition of Ottoman and Gujarati forces failed to dislodge them in the first Siege of Diu.