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1 Tumân - Moḥammad Qājār Type S, Raŝt mint

Issuer Qajar Dynasty
Year 1839-1846
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Composition Gold
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Obverse description Central field dominated by a large, boldly struck Nasta'liq calligraphic inscription in high relief, rendering the royal epithet and the name of the Prophet Muhammad (شاهنشه انبیا محمّد). The sweeping strokes of the script are interspersed with decorative floral and foliate motifs, including rosettes formed of clustered pellets and scrolling vine tendrils, all executed in the characteristic Qajar hammered style. The composition fills the entire field in an ornate cartouche-like arrangement, with additional vegetal ornament occupying the surrounding areas. A plain border encircles the design.
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Reverse script Arabic
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Additional information

The Raŝt mint operated in Gilan province on the Caspian littoral, a region whose silk trade and proximity to Russian commercial networks made it one of the more economically active minting centers under Mohammad Shah. The "Type S" designation within this series reflects a documented die variation catalogued by Album, distinguishing it from contemporaneous Tehrân and Tabrîz output of the same nominal.

Mohammad Shah's reign coincided with sustained Russian and British pressure over Afghanistan and the northwestern frontier — the failed siege of Herat in 1837–38 directly preceded this issue's production window.

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