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1 Thaler - Ferdinand III Vienna

Issuer Holy Roman Empire - Habsburg Mint Vienna
Year 1648-1649
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse script Latin
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Reverse description Crowned double-headed imperial eagle displayed within a beaded inner circle, with a small orb positioned between the two crowns above the eagle's heads. The breast of the eagle bears a large composite armorial shield representing the Habsburg dynastic territories, with a small escutcheon of Austria proper (barry of silver and gules) placed within the legend at the base. The regnal date is incorporated into the encircling Latin legend, which continues from the obverse title. The design follows the standard imperial eagle type employed consistently on Habsburg thalers of the mid-17th century.
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Additional information

1648 marks the Peace of Westphalia, which ended thirty years of war that had devastated Habsburg finances and disrupted minting across the empire. Ferdinand III signed the treaties at Osnabrück and Münster in October of that year, and the Vienna mint was among the facilities scrambling to normalize silver output after decades of wartime debasement and the notorious Kipper und Wipper crisis of the early 1620s, when currency manipulation had nearly collapsed the imperial monetary system entirely.

Davenport's European Crown reference distinguishes multiple die marriages across this two-year span, catalogued separately by Herinek as 383 and 385.

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