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| Issuer | Bavaria, Electorate of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1778-1779 |
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| Orientation | Medal alignment ↑↑ |
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| Obverse description | Armored, cuirassed bust of Elector Charles Theodore facing right, with long hair tied at the nape and falling over the shoulder; the effigy is adorned with the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece. The peripheral Latin legend encircles the bust, with the engraver's initial and the mint workshop letter appearing beneath the truncation. The portrait reflects the formal baroque court style characteristic of late 18th-century Bavarian coinage. |
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| Obverse lettering | CAR.TH.D.G.C.P.R.U.B.D.S.R.I.A.& EL.D.I.C.& M. H. ST. A |
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| Additional information |
Charles Theodore inherited Bavaria in 1777 following the death of the childless Maximilian III Joseph, but his tenure immediately triggered the War of the Bavarian Succession — Frederick the Great's last campaign, fought largely through maneuver and attrition rather than pitched battle. Austria's Joseph II had moved quickly to annex Lower Bavaria, and this issue was struck precisely during those two years of diplomatic and military crisis. The conflict ended with the Treaty of Teschen in 1779, leaving Charles Theodore's position intact but deeply unpopular with Bavarian subjects who regarded him as an outsider from the Palatinate.
The "2nd portrait" designation distinguishes this from KM#563.1, reflecting a die modification made within the short production window.