1 Sol Juan Pablo Vizcardo y Guzmán

Vizcardo y Guzmán was a Jesuit priest expelled from Peru in 1767 along with the rest of his order when Charles III suppressed the Jesuits across the Spanish Empire. Stateless and embittered, he spent decades in exile — first in Italy, then London — eventually writing his Lettre aux Espagnols-Américains in 1791, one of the earliest explicit calls for Spanish American independence. He died in Philadelphia in 1798, never seeing the continent he'd agitated for. Francisco de Miranda later had the letter printed and distributed throughout the colonies.