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1 Scudo d'Oro - Clement VII
| Issuer | Papal States Mint, Bologna |
|---|---|
| Year | 1533-1534 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Reverse description | A bold floriated cross with elaborate foliate terminals occupies the central field, its arms adorned with scrolling acanthus-like flourishes in the Renaissance style. In the lower quarters flanking the base of the cross appear two small heraldic shields: at left, the arms of the papal legate, and at right, the arms of the city of Bologna. The circumferential Latin legend BONONIA DOCET runs around the beaded outer border, affirming Bologna's celebrated role as a seat of learning. |
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| Mintage | ND (1533-1534) |
| Additional information |
Clement VII — Giulio de' Medici — issued this scudo in the immediate aftermath of the most catastrophic event of his pontificate: the Sack of Rome in 1527, which had left him briefly a prisoner in Castel Sant'Angelo and the papal treasury gutted. By 1533-34, his relationship with Charles V had been cautiously rebuilt, yet his refusal to annul Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon — announced definitively in 1533 — had just cost Rome its hold over England. The Bologna mint, operating under papal authority restored after years of Este and then Bentivoglio interference, struck this issue as the papacy reasserted financial and political footing on multiple fronts simultaneously.