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1 Rupee - Ghiyath al-Din Bahadur
| Issuer | Bengal, Sultanate of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1555-1561 |
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| Shape | Round |
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| Obverse description | Densely packed Arabic and Nagari legends fill the entire field of this hammered silver rupee, with no central figural motif, consistent with the aniconic tradition of the Bengal Sultanate. The Arabic inscription in multiple registers reads the royal title and name of Sultan Ghiyath al-Din Bahadur Shah ibn Muhammad Shah Ghazi, accompanied by the pious formula invoking God's perpetuation of his reign and sultanate. Below the Arabic legend, a Nagari inscription reads 'Shri Bahadur Shah,' asserting the ruler's authority in the local script. The legends are rendered in a bold, angular hand typical of mid-sixteenth-century Bengal Sultanate coinage. The flan is slightly irregular in shape, as is characteristic of hammered issues of this period. |
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| Obverse script | Arabic/Nagari |
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| Reverse description | The reverse field is entirely occupied by bold Arabic calligraphy arranged in multiple registers, with no central device, adhering to the established aniconic numismatic conventions of the Bengal Sultanate. The primary legend displays the Shahada, the Islamic declaration of faith: 'There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the messenger of God.' Below, a second inscription names the four Rightly Guided Caliphs: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali, a formula commonly employed on Bengal Sultanate coinage to affirm Sunni orthodoxy. The script is rendered in a vigorous, compressed style filling the flan to its edges. The surface shows typical die flow and slight flan irregularity consistent with hand-struck coinage of the mid-sixteenth century. |
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