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1 Real National Congress - Insurgent coinage
| Issuer | Supreme National American Junta (Insurgent Government of Mexico) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1812-1813 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central device features a bow and quiver of arrows crossed with a palm branch, resting upon a morion helmet, all symbolizing the armed insurgent struggle for independence; below the central device is a depiction of a cannon on a wheeled carriage. A scroll or ribbon element and additional decorative motifs fill the field. The surrounding Latin legend reads +S.P.CONG.NAT.IND.GUB.T.1R.S.M., abbreviating Suprema Potestad Congreso Nacional Independiente Gubernativo, with the denomination 1R (1 Real) and the assayer initial S.M. also present. The coin is bordered by a toothed or milled rim consistent with the hand-struck insurgent issues of this period. |
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| Mint | Sultepec Mint |
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| Additional information |
Produced at the Sultepec mint under the authority of the insurgent government during the Mexican War of Independence, this issue emerged from a period when rebel forces controlled scattered mining regions and needed functioning coinage to pay troops and conduct commerce. The Supreme National American Junta operated the mint intermittently, working with crude equipment and inconsistent silver supplies — conditions that account for the notoriously rough striking quality endemic to this type.
Sultepec was one of several provisional mints established by insurgent forces after 1811, each operating under constant threat of royalist recapture.